The moves of the modern chess Bishop were introduced in the 15th century and the name of the piece changed in all European languages.Īlthough we don't know exactly in which year the new moves were introduced, chess literature lets us establish the approximate period. The piece was variously called alfil, alfin, and aufin in the medieval game.
This meant that it could never reach more than eight squares on the entire board. It could jump only to the square located two squares diagonally. In Shatranj, the piece that started the game where the Bishop now starts was called the fil ('al fil' = elephant). The moves of the modern chess Queen were introduced around 1475. In addition to the same diagonal move, it could jump to to a nearby empty square. The medieval piece that replaced the firz was called the fers. It moved one square diagonally in any direction and a Pawn reaching the 8th rank was promoted only to a firz. In the Arab game of Shatranj, the piece next to the King was called the firz (or firzan). The best players began to investigate the subtleties of the opening and of the endgame. The new game, quickly adopted wherever it was played, pushed the old game aside after only a few decades. The slow game characterized by a long opening buildup was suddenly a rapid game where checkmate was possible after only a few moves. Near the end of the 15th century, the game of chess underwent a dramatic transformation when the powers of two of the weakest pieces were enhanced. Near the end of the 15th century, the game of chess underwent a dramatic transformation.
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